A naturally occurring amino acid that is produced from human hair, bird feathers, animal hair or synthesised for use in food products.
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The function(s) performed by the food additive when used in cooking.
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Data according to various sources such as fao, fda, codex. Spot a mistake? Tell us!
| Country | Status | Matched Term |
|---|---|---|
| United States | Approved | Cysteine (l-form); Cysteine (l-form) monohydrochloride |
| European Union | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Australia and New Zealand | Approved | L-cysteine monohydrochloride |
| France | Approved | L-cystéine |
| Afghanistan | Unknown | None |
| Philippines | Not Permitted | |
| Austria | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Belgium | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Bulgaria | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Cyprus | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Czech Republic | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Denmark | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Estonia | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Finland | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Germany | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Greece | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Hungary | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Ireland | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Italy | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Latvia | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Lithuania | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Luxembourg | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Malta | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Netherlands | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Poland | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Portugal | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Romania | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Slovakia | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Slovenia | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Spain | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Sweden | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| United Kingdom | Approved | L-Cysteine |
| Australia | Approved | L-cysteine monohydrochloride |
| New Zealand | Approved | L-cysteine monohydrochloride |
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Flour treatment agent derived from animal hair and chicken feathers
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Miscellaneous - Compounds used to treat Flour L-Cysteine from human hair is Haram. L-Cysteine from chicken feathers is not Halal. L-Cysteine from fermentation and synthetic source is Halal.
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Flour treatment agent derived from animal hair and chicken feathers. If from China - human hair. Used in shampoo and chicken flavouring. Bread enhancer. It stabilises the structure of leavened bread. Aid to detoxification of many chemicals related to smoking, prevent hangovers and also prevent brain and liver damage due to alcohol consumption. Useful for rheumatoid arthritis, helps the immune system and promotes healing. Is a known neurotoxin.
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Possible chelation (removal) of minerals.
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Classically, cysteine is won from proteins that are rich in cystine, such as are found in human hair or in feathers or pig bristles. The protein components are split into individual amino acids by being heated with hydrochloric acid. The cystine that hereby is isolated then is electrochemically reduced to cysteine. For a long time, the bio-technological production of cysteine was considered to be expensive and difficult. Since then, a German company (Wacker Chemie) has been successful in applying biotechnical processes to E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria for a profitable fermentative production of cysteine. The E. coli bacteria use glucose (sugar) and some mineral salts to produce the desired cysteine in large quantities and convey the amino acid into the nutrient solution. The process has been applied since 2001. The yield of such bio-technical production of cysteine is approximately 30 per cent higher than in the classical procedure. Additionally, the quantity of hydrochloric acid necessary for the bio-technical method is only four percent of the quantity that otherwise has been required.
E920 - Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts: Produced commercially from animal and human hair (and feathers). When produced from animal hair it is almost certain that all L-cysteine is taken from slaughtered animals. When human hair is used it is often sourced from women in third-world countries. L-cysteine is used as an additive in around 5% of bread and other bakery products. It is not used in wholemeal bread or other wholemeal bakery products.
2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid
alpha-Amino-beta-mercaptopropionic acid
alpha-Amino-beta-thiolpropionic acid
L-beta-Mercaptoalanine
L-cysteine hydrocholoride
L-cystéine
Chlorhydrate de L-cystéine
Collection of sources used to create this food additive summary.
| Source |
|---|
| Codex Alimentarius |
| Food Standards Australia New Zealand |
| JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) |
| UK Food Guide |
| U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
Lists the U.S. CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) registry number and EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances) numbers when known.
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